Grade 7 Fall — Research Process, MLA Citation, Source Evaluation, and Multi-Source Synthesis
English · RES G7 eng.g7.f.res.three_paraphrasing_rules

Apply the three paraphrasing rules — change words, change syntax, cite source (CCSS W.7.8)

Paraphrase source content correctly: RULE 1 change the words (synonym substitution at matched register); RULE 2 change the syntax (rearrange clauses; passive to active; subordinate to coordinate); RULE 3 cite the source (parenthetical citation). All three rules must happen together; any one alone is plagiarism. Recognize and fix patchwork plagiarism (words changed only) and uncited paraphrase (rules 1+2 only).

Mastery threshold
90%
Min instances
12
Typical minutes
50
Spaced intervals (days)
1, 3, 7, 14, 30, 60
Prereqs
Successors
Common misconceptions
  • Changes a few words while keeping the syntax intact — patchwork plagiarism.
  • Paraphrases correctly but omits the citation — still plagiarism.

Exercise pool (3)

Diff Stem Type
3 Paraphrase this passage applying all 3 rules: 'The Maya developed sophisticated calendars based on careful astronomical observation' (Aveni 15). apply three rules
4 Fix these 4 patchwork-plagiarism paraphrases by changing the syntax AND adding citations: (1) 'The Maya were experts in astronomy who... fix patchwork plagiarism
4 Look at these 3 versions of a paraphrase from the original source: 'Sugar was the first global commodity, linking continents in chains... compare paraphrase versions