The Holocaust — TRAUMA-INFORMED — Yad Vashem 'Each Person Has a Name' — 6 Million Jewish Victims + 5 Million Additional Victims

MG-15 ACTIVE. Caregiver letter sent Week 10. Display MG-16 First Quadrant: 'Each person has a name.' Read aloud 5 Yad Vashem Page of Testimony entries (~30 sec each — name + birth date + location + family + age at death + person who submitted).

• Activate MG-15 PROTOCOL
• Read 5 Pages of Testimony
• Recite TWELVE PROMISES including new MG-14c

M-8-S-HIS-10-A Diagram

8.5x11 laminated card; caregiver letter week 10 + Compassion Circle close + alternative-assignment + opt-out + sensory-quiet space + NO simulation per USHMM + NO graphic imagery.

MG-15 Diagram

MG-15 TRAUMA-INFORMED PROTOCOL card (8.5x11 laminated double-sided at every table + teacher desk) — caregiver letter in advance + Compassion Circle close + alternative-assignment options + sensory-quiet space + opt-out without penalty + n-word substituted + 'incarceration' not 'internment' + 'enslaved person' not 'slave' + 'cultural genocide' named + NO graphic imagery; explicit list of Lessons with MG-15 active: 4 (WWI), 9 (Japanese American incarceration), 10 (Holocaust), 11 (Hiroshima), 12 (Tulsa 1921 + Emmett Till + lynching), 13 (Vietnam War), 17 (decolonial violence + apartheid), 18 (9/11 + ongoing); USC Shoah Foundation + Yad Vashem + Hiroshima Peace Memorial + Densho + EJI + Truth & Reconciliation South Africa survivor-voice protocols cited.

Today is TRAUMA-INFORMED (MG-15 ACTIVE). We apply Yad Vashem 'EACH PERSON HAS A NAME' pedagogy — refusing dehumanizing statistic-only framing. Yad Vashem Pages of Testimony 4.5M+ names recovered as of 2024. We follow the 12 USHMM teaching guidelines: define the term Holocaust + investigate what made it possible + avoid simple answers + balance perspectives + don't compare in mathematical terms + select age-appropriate sources + use accurate testimony + don't romanticize history + contextualize history + translate statistics into personal stories + make responsible methodological choices + use language carefully (no 'innocent civilians' since 'innocent' implies others were guilty). We REFUSE simulation activities (USHMM guideline). We NEVER show graphic imagery. WHAT IS THE HOLOCAUST: state-sponsored systematic persecution and murder of 6 million European Jews + additional 5 million victims (Roma + Sinti + disabled people murdered in Aktion T4 + LGBTQ+ people + Soviet POWs + political prisoners + Jehovah's Witnesses + Black Germans + Polish + Slavic civilians) by Nazi Germany and its collaborators 1933-1945. ESCALATION: 1933 Nazi takeover + anti-Jewish boycott April 1 1933 + Nuremberg Laws Sept 15 1935 (stripped Jewish citizenship + banned intermarriage); 1938 Anschluss + Kristallnacht Nov 9-10 1938 (267+ synagogues + 7,500+ businesses + 91 murdered + 30,000 men arrested); ghettoization Poland 1939+ (Warsaw Ghetto Nov 1940 ~460,000 confined ~30% of Warsaw population in ~2.4% of city area + Lodz Ghetto + Krakow + Lublin + Vilna); EINSATZGRUPPEN mobile killing units invaded USSR June 1941 — BABI YAR Sept 29-30 1941 (33,771 Jews killed Kyiv 2 days); WANNSEE CONFERENCE Jan 20 1942 (15 Nazi officials coordinated 'Final Solution to the Jewish Question' across all Nazi-occupied Europe — Heydrich + Eichmann); OPERATION REINHARD death camps BELZEC (~600,000 murdered) + SOBIBOR (~250,000) + TREBLINKA (~900,000); CHELMNO (~200,000 — first death camp Dec 1941); MAJDANEK (~95,000); AUSCHWITZ-BIRKENAU largest with ~1.1M murdered (~960,000 Jewish + 75,000 Polish + 20,000 Roma + 15,000 Soviet POWs); BERGEN-BELSEN concentration camp where Anne Frank + Margot Frank died Feb/March 1945. RESISTANCE: refuses passive-victim framing — WARSAW GHETTO UPRISING April 19 – May 16 1943 (Mordechai Anielewicz + Marek Edelman + Vladka Meed ZOB courier); TREBLINKA Aug 2 1943 + SOBIBOR Oct 14 1943 + AUSCHWITZ-BIRKENAU Sonderkommando Oct 7 1944 uprisings; spiritual + cultural + smuggling + concealment resistance documented per Henry 2014 + Lower 2013; partisans (Bielski brothers ~1,200 saved + Tuvia Bielski). ADDITIONAL VICTIMS NAMED: ROMA + SINTI PORAJMOS ('Devouring') ~500,000; DISABLED PEOPLE Aktion T4 1939-45 ~250,000 murdered at Hadamar + Hartheim + Bernburg + Brandenburg + Grafeneck + Sonnenstein killing centers via euthanasia gas chambers + lethal injection; LGBTQ+ Pink Triangle 5,000-15,000 (Heinz Heger 1972 The Men with the Pink Triangle); SOVIET POWs ~3.3M murdered via starvation + execution + camps; JEHOVAH'S WITNESSES Purple Triangle ~10,000 imprisoned; BLACK GERMANS (Hans Massaquoi 1999 Destined to Witness); POLISH civilians ~1.8-3M non-Jewish murdered; SLAVIC civilians ~5-10M; political prisoners RED TRIANGLE. CENTERED SURVIVOR OWN-VOICE: Anne Frank Het Achterhuis (Diary of a Young Girl) 1947 (Frankfurt-born 1929 → Bergen-Belsen 1945; family: Edith mother + Margot sister + Otto father only survivor); Elie Wiesel Night 1958 (Sighet Hungary → Auschwitz + Buchenwald — '... Never shall I forget that night, the first night in camp ...'); Primo Levi Se questo è un uomo (If This Is a Man / Survival in Auschwitz) 1947 (Italian Jewish chemist → Auschwitz-Monowitz); Vladka Meed On Both Sides of the Wall 1948 (Warsaw Ghetto Uprising survivor + ZOB courier); Etty Hillesum Diaries (Amsterdam → Auschwitz Nov 1943); Hannah Senesh (Hungarian Jewish parachutist executed Nov 7 1944); Janusz Korczak (children's orphanage Warsaw Ghetto → Treblinka Aug 1942 with all 192 children); Mordechai Anielewicz (Warsaw Ghetto Uprising commander killed May 8 1943); Marek Edelman (Warsaw Ghetto Uprising survivor); Helen Fagin USC Shoah Foundation testimony. LIBERATION: Soviet liberation of Majdanek July 23 1944 + Auschwitz Jan 27 1945 (UN International Holocaust Remembrance Day); US liberation of Buchenwald April 11 1945 + Dachau April 29 1945; UK liberation of Bergen-Belsen April 15 1945. NUREMBERG TRIALS Nov 20 1945 – Oct 1 1946 (24 Nazi defendants + 199 subsequent trials); UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS Dec 10 1948 (Eleanor Roosevelt chair drafting); CONVENTION ON THE PREVENTION AND PUNISHMENT OF THE CRIME OF GENOCIDE Dec 9 1948 (Raphael Lemkin coined 'genocide' 1944). ONGOING REMEMBRANCE: Yad Vashem est. 1953 + Pages of Testimony (4.5M+ names) + Hall of Names; USHMM est. 1993; USC Shoah Foundation 1994 (Spielberg) 56,000+ testimonies; March of the Living 1988+.

• Names are the resistance.

  model Refuses dehumanizing statistic-only framing. The 6 million + 5 million were INDIVIDUALS with names, families, futures. Yad Vashem Pages of Testimony recovers 4.5M+ names. We read survivor own-voice (Anne Frank + Wiesel + Levi + Meed + Korczak). Per MG-14c PROMISE.

  prompt Why Yad Vashem 'each person has a name'?
• Some experiences must not be simulated.

  model USHMM teaching guideline: simulations of any aspect of the Holocaust (mock concentration camp + dramatizing victim roles) trivialize the event + can re-traumatize. We DO read survivor own-voice. We DO study primary sources. We DO NOT simulate. Per Yad Vashem International School + USHMM Guidelines.

  prompt Why USHMM refuses simulation?

• Read 1 Page of Testimony aloud naming victim by name + family.
• Name 3 additional victim groups beyond Jewish.
• Name 1 Jewish-resistance event with date.

M-8-S-HIS-10-B Chart

24x36 4-quadrant poster: Quadrant 1 pedagogy (each person has a name + Yad Vashem 4.5M+ Pages of Testimony + refuses dehumanizing statistic-only); Quadrant 2 named individual victims with photo + bio (Anne Frank + Etty Hillesum + Hannah Senesh + Janusz Korczak + Mordechai Anielewicz + Vladka Meed + Marek Edelman); Quadrant 3 additional victim groups (Roma + Sinti + disabled Aktion T4 + LGBTQ+ + Soviet POWs + Jehovah's Witnesses + Black Germans + Polish + Slavic + political prisoners); Quadrant 4 survivor-voice texts (Wiesel + Levi + Anne Frank + Meed + Helen Fagin).

MG-16 Chart

MG-16 HOLOCAUST YAD-VASHEM 'EACH PERSON HAS A NAME' poster — 24x36; FIRST QUADRANT explains pedagogy: each victim was a person with a name, family, future; Yad Vashem Pages of Testimony 4.5M+ names recovered as of 2024; refuses dehumanizing statistic-only framing; SECOND QUADRANT names individual victims with photo + bio: Anne Frank (Frankfurt 1929 → Bergen-Belsen Feb/March 1945) + Edith Frank (mother) + Margot Frank (sister) + Otto Frank (father, only survivor); Etty Hillesum (Amsterdam → Auschwitz Nov 1943); Hannah Senesh (Hungarian Jewish parachutist executed Nov 7 1944); Janusz Korczak (children's orphanage Warsaw Ghetto → Treblinka Aug 1942 with all 192 children); Vladka Meed (Warsaw Ghetto Uprising April 19 – May 16 1943 survivor); Mordechai Anielewicz (Warsaw Ghetto Uprising commander killed May 8 1943); Marek Edelman (Warsaw Ghetto Uprising survivor); THIRD QUADRANT explicitly NAMES additional victims: Roma + Sinti (Porajmos ~500,000); disabled people murdered in Aktion T4 1939-45 ~250,000 (Hadamar + Hartheim killing centers); LGBTQ+ Pink Triangle 5,000-15,000 (Heinz Heger 1972 The Men with the Pink Triangle); Soviet POWs ~3.3M; Jehovah's Witnesses Purple Triangle; Black Germans Hans Massaquoi 1999; Polish + Slavic civilians; political prisoners Red Triangle; FOURTH QUADRANT survivor-voice texts: Elie Wiesel Night 1958 + Primo Levi Survival in Auschwitz 1947 + Anne Frank Diary 1942-44 + Helen Fagin USC Shoah testimony + Schindler's List 1993 with critical framing per Cole 2000.

M-8-S-HIS-10-C Photograph

Photograph Yad Vashem Hall of Names rotunda Jerusalem (rotunda with photographs of victims on circular wall + cone of names rising; opened 2005); caption naming Hall of Names purpose + Pages of Testimony recovery effort + USHMM Tower of Faces comparison + Auschwitz-Birkenau Block 27 exhibit (Michał Rovner).

• Pairs: assigned 1 of 5 survivor own-voice texts (Anne Frank + Wiesel + Levi + Meed + Korczak); produce 3-min present-out applying MG-7 Q1+Q3+Q10+Q12.

  scaffold Text-specific source packet
• VNPS: build 'each person has a name' wall — each student adds 1 named victim from Pages of Testimony with brief biographical note.

  scaffold Pre-printed Pages of Testimony cards

• Recite 1 Page of Testimony.
• Name 3 additional victim groups beyond Jewish.
• Apply Q12 to a contemporary genocide-prevention issue.

• COMPASSION CIRCLE close (MG-15)
• Add 1 sticky to MG-6
• Preview Lesson 11: Hiroshima TRAUMA-INFORMED

• Read selected pages of Anne Frank Diary + apply MG-7 Q1 + Q10 + Q12; OR alternative-assignment per MG-15.