Hiroshima August 6 1945 + Nagasaki August 9 1945 — TRAUMA-INFORMED — Hibakusha Own-Voice — Setsuko Thurlow 2017 Nobel + Sadako Sasaki + Hersey 1946 + Multi-Perspective US Decision-Making

MG-15 ACTIVE. Caregiver letter sent Week 11. Read aloud Setsuko Thurlow 2017 Nobel Lecture excerpt: 'I was thirteen years old when my city was destroyed by a nuclear bomb. ... Like a movie reel running backwards, all my friends, my classmates, were thrown into the air.'

• Activate MG-15 PROTOCOL
• Read Thurlow 2017 excerpt
• Recite TWELVE PROMISES including new MG-14d

M-8-S-HIS-11-A Diagram

8.5x11 laminated card; caregiver letter week 11 + Compassion Circle close + alternative-assignment + opt-out + sensory-quiet space.

MG-15 Diagram

MG-15 TRAUMA-INFORMED PROTOCOL card (8.5x11 laminated double-sided at every table + teacher desk) — caregiver letter in advance + Compassion Circle close + alternative-assignment options + sensory-quiet space + opt-out without penalty + n-word substituted + 'incarceration' not 'internment' + 'enslaved person' not 'slave' + 'cultural genocide' named + NO graphic imagery; explicit list of Lessons with MG-15 active: 4 (WWI), 9 (Japanese American incarceration), 10 (Holocaust), 11 (Hiroshima), 12 (Tulsa 1921 + Emmett Till + lynching), 13 (Vietnam War), 17 (decolonial violence + apartheid), 18 (9/11 + ongoing); USC Shoah Foundation + Yad Vashem + Hiroshima Peace Memorial + Densho + EJI + Truth & Reconciliation South Africa survivor-voice protocols cited.

Today is TRAUMA-INFORMED (MG-15 ACTIVE). We apply HIBAKUSHA OWN-VOICE pedagogy (MG-14d) — refusing single-perspective 'ended the war' framing — alongside multi-perspective US decision-making contextualization. HIBAKUSHA (被爆者 'bomb-affected people') are the survivors of Hiroshima Aug 6 1945 and Nagasaki Aug 9 1945. MANHATTAN PROJECT 1942-45 — J. Robert Oppenheimer scientific director + Gen. Leslie Groves military director; sites Los Alamos NM + Hanford WA + Oak Ridge TN + ~130,000 workers; cost ~$2B ($30B 2024); FDR died April 12 1945 + Truman briefed only as VP; TRINITY test July 16 1945 Alamogordo NM (Oppenheimer Bhagavad Gita 'Now I am become death, the destroyer of worlds' interview decades later). HIROSHIMA AUG 6 1945 8:15am — Enola Gay (Col. Paul Tibbets) dropped Little Boy uranium-235 bomb over Hiroshima; ~80,000 killed immediately; total ~140,000 dead by end of 1945 (further deaths from radiation through 1950 ~200,000); Hiroshima had ~350,000 population pre-bomb; ground zero ~600m altitude detonation; ~140,000 of 350,000 city population were killed (~40%). NAGASAKI AUG 9 1945 11:02am — Bockscar (Maj. Charles Sweeney) dropped Fat Man plutonium-239 bomb over Nagasaki (Kokura was primary target — weather diverted); ~40,000 killed immediately; total ~70,000 dead by end of 1945; Urakami Cathedral (largest Catholic church in Asia) destroyed killing ~8,500 of Japan's 14,000 Catholics in Nagasaki. Soviet declaration of war Aug 8 1945 + invasion of Manchuria; Japanese cabinet meeting Aug 9 1945; Emperor Hirohito 'sacred decision' Aug 10 + 14; surrender announcement Aug 15 1945 (radio broadcast Hirohito 'Jewel Voice Broadcast' first time emperor's voice heard publicly). HIBAKUSHA OWN-VOICE — centered per MG-14d: SADAKO SASAKI (1943-Oct 25 1955) — 2 years old at Hiroshima bombing 1.6 km from hypocenter; survived initial blast; developed leukemia age 11 (1954); folded paper cranes per Japanese legend 'one thousand cranes grants wish' (origami); died age 12; Children's Peace Monument 1958 Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park; Coerr 1977 Sadako and the Thousand Paper Cranes K-12 mentor text widely taught globally. SETSUKO THURLOW (1932-) — 13 years old in Hiroshima Aug 6 1945; pulled from collapsed building by classmate; spent decades of testimony as activist; ICAN International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons Nobel Peace Prize co-laureate 2017 acceptance lecture Oslo Dec 10 2017; lectured globally on nuclear abolition. YAMAOKA MICHIKO (1930-2013) — 15-year-old Hiroshima telephone operator; severe burns + decades of testimony per Hibakusha Stories. TSUBOI SUNAO (1925-2021) — 20-year-old Hiroshima student; Nihon Hidankyo Confederation Co-Chair; advocated nuclear abolition until death. NIHON HIDANKYO Japan Confederation of A- and H-Bomb Sufferers Organizations founded 1956 + NOBEL PEACE PRIZE Oct 11 2024 ('for its efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons and for demonstrating through witness testimony that nuclear weapons must never be used again'). HERSEY 1946 — John Hersey Hiroshima New Yorker Aug 31 1946 (entire issue devoted to single article) — six survivors (MRS. HATSUYO NAKAMURA tailor's widow + FATHER WILHELM KLEINSORGE German Jesuit + DR. TERUFUMI SASAKI Red Cross Hospital surgeon + DR. MASAKAZU FUJII + MISS TOSHIKO SASAKI East Asia Tin Works clerk + REVEREND KIYOSHI TANIMOTO Methodist minister) — first major American journalism centering Japanese voices; expanded book 1985 with 'Aftermath' chapter following the six. MULTI-PERSPECTIVE US DECISION-MAKING: Truman + Stimson + Byrnes argued bomb would shorten war + save US lives (Truman April 12 1945 became President with little Manhattan Project briefing; learned full extent of bomb only April 25 1945); Stimson 1947 'Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb' Harper's Magazine retrospectively defended decision claiming invasion would have cost ~1M US dead (figure contested by Bernstein 1986 + Walker 1990 + Hasegawa 2005 — earlier internal US planning estimates were 31,000-46,000 deaths in initial Kyushu invasion); SZILARD PETITION July 17 1945 — Leo Szilard + 69+ Manhattan Project scientists petitioned Truman urging non-use without warning Japan first; petition was suppressed and Truman did not see it; FRANCK REPORT June 11 1945 — James Franck + Eugene Rabinowitch + Glenn Seaborg + Leo Szilard + 3 other Chicago scientists urged demonstration of bomb on uninhabited area first; suppressed; HENRY STIMSON proposed warning Japan; targeting committee selected Hiroshima Hiroshima 1st priority because intact city for accurate measurement of bomb effects; ALPEROVITZ 1965 Atomic Diplomacy revisionist argued bomb intended as diplomatic signal to USSR (contested but influential); HASEGAWA 2005 Racing the Enemy argued Soviet declaration Aug 8 1945 was equal or greater factor in Japanese surrender than atomic bombs; LEAHY (Truman's chief of staff) 1950 'I Was There' — 'It is my opinion that the use of this barbarous weapon at Hiroshima and Nagasaki was of no material assistance in our war against Japan.'; EISENHOWER 1963 memoirs expressed reservations. PER Q11 MULTI-PERSPECTIVE: hibakusha voices + US scientist voices + US military voices + scholarly debate all present. PER MG-14d: HIBAKUSHA OWN-VOICE centered FIRST, contextualization SECOND. ONGOING: Hibakusha advocacy + Nihon Hidankyo Nobel Peace Prize 2024 + ICAN Nobel 2017 + Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons opened for signature Sept 20 2017 (122 nations + entered force Jan 22 2021 + 70+ states parties) + 9 nuclear-weapon states + ~12,500 warheads today per FAS 2024.

• Whose voice first?

  model MG-14d PROMISE: refuses single-perspective 'ended the war' framing. Setsuko Thurlow 2017 Nobel Lecture + Sadako Sasaki story + Hersey 1946 hibakusha narratives + Nihon Hidankyo Nobel 2024 — these voices are the curriculum. Multi-perspective US decision-making is CONTEXTUALIZATION, not equal framing.

  prompt Why hibakusha own-voice FIRST?
• Decisions had dissenters.

  model July 17 1945 Leo Szilard + 69+ Manhattan Project scientists petitioned Truman urging non-use without warning Japan first. Petition was suppressed — Truman never saw it. Plus Franck Report June 11 1945. Multi-perspective US decision-making: not unanimous. Q6 silences + Q11 MULTI-PERSPECTIVE.

  prompt What is the Szilard petition?

• Recite 1 line of Thurlow 2017 Nobel Lecture.
• Name 3 hibakusha by name.
• What was the Szilard petition?

M-8-S-HIS-11-B Chart

24x36 3-section poster: LEFT Hiroshima Aug 6 1945 8:15am Enola Gay ~140,000 killed + Nagasaki Aug 9 11:02am Bockscar ~70,000 killed; MIDDLE hibakusha own-voice (Sadako Sasaki paper cranes + Setsuko Thurlow 2017 Nobel + Yamaoka Michiko + Tsuboi Sunao + Hersey 1946 six survivors); RIGHT multi-perspective US decision-making (Stimson + Byrnes + Manhattan Project + Szilard petition + Franck Report + Truman + scholarly debate).

MG-17 Chart

MG-17 HIROSHIMA + NAGASAKI HIBAKUSHA-OWN-VOICE poster — 24x36; LEFT THIRD names Hiroshima August 6 1945 8:15am Enola Gay + ~140,000 killed by end of 1945 (immediate ~70,000 + radiation deaths); Nagasaki August 9 1945 11:02am Bockscar + ~70,000 killed by end of 1945; MIDDLE THIRD centers hibakusha (被爆者 'bomb-affected people') voices: Sadako Sasaki (1943-Oct 25 1955 paper cranes Children's Peace Monument); Setsuko Thurlow (Hiroshima survivor at 13; ICAN Nobel Peace Prize co-laureate 2017 acceptance lecture); Yamaoka Michiko; Tsuboi Sunao (Nihon Hidankyo Hibakusha Confederation Co-Chair 1925-2021); Hersey 1946 'Hiroshima' New Yorker (Mrs. Nakamura + Father Kleinsorge + Dr. Sasaki + Dr. Fujii + Miss Sasaki + Reverend Tanimoto); RIGHT THIRD US decision-making contextualization (Stimson + Byrnes + Manhattan Project Oppenheimer + Szilard petition July 17 1945 + Franck Report June 11 1945 + Truman + alternative-to-bomb scholarly debate Bernstein/Walker/Hasegawa); BOTTOM: ongoing Hibakusha Stories pedagogy + Nihon Hidankyo Nobel Peace Prize 2024.

M-8-S-HIS-11-C Photograph

Photograph Children's Peace Monument 1958 Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park (statue of Sadako Sasaki holding origami crane + thousand-cranes garlands beneath); caption naming Sadako (1943-Oct 25 1955 leukemia age 12) + Children's Peace Monument 1958 + ongoing crane offerings from global classrooms; refuses graphic imagery.

M-8-S-HIS-11-D Video Physical / non-image

Curated 3-5 minute clip Setsuko Thurlow Nobel Peace Prize Lecture Oslo Dec 10 2017 accepting on behalf of ICAN; with closed captioning + text projected; classroom listening + teacher-led debrief; refuses graphic imagery.

• Pairs: assigned 1 hibakusha (Thurlow + Sasaki + Yamaoka + Tsuboi) OR 1 of 6 Hersey 1946 survivors; produce 3-min present-out applying MG-7 Q1+Q3+Q10+Q11+Q12.

  scaffold Person-specific source packet
• VNPS: T-chart hibakusha-own-voice v. US-decision-maker (Stimson + Byrnes + Szilard + Franck + Leahy + Eisenhower); identify which contextualization questions students still have.

  scaffold Pre-printed quote-cards

• Date Hiroshima + Nagasaki.
• Name 2 hibakusha.
• Apply Q12 to ICAN 2017 + Nihon Hidankyo 2024 Nobel Peace Prizes.

• COMPASSION CIRCLE close (MG-15)
• Add 1 sticky to MG-6
• Preview Lesson 12: Tulsa 1921 + Emmett Till 1955 TRAUMA-INFORMED

• Read Hersey 1946 ch. 1 or Thurlow 2017 Nobel Lecture + apply MG-7 Q1 + Q10 + Q12; OR fold paper cranes for Sadako per alternative-assignment.