Grade 7 Spring — The Early-Modern World c. 1450-1750 CE in Six Simultaneous Formations: Italian + Northern Renaissance, the Reformation and Wars of Religion, the Scientific Revolution, the Age of Exploration with Zheng He Precedence and Multi-Perspective Encounter, the Conquest of Mexica and Inca from Indigenous Perspectives, Ongoing Indigenous Resistance through Pueblo Revolt 1680 and Itzá Maya 1697, the Atlantic Slave Trade Origins with African Voices Centered, the Mughal Empire (KS3 Non-European Society Study), Ming/Qing China with Zheng He 1405-1433, Tokugawa Japan, and the Ottoman Empire — Whose Renaissance? Whose Discovery? Whose Conquest?
History · GEO
G7
hist.g7.s.geo.dutch_english_french_global_reach_east_india_companies_ottoman
Analyze the SECOND-WAVE EXPLORATION + EAST INDIA COMPANIES — Dutch (VOC 1602), English (EIC 1600), French Atlantic (Cartier + Champlain) — and OTTOMAN imperial reach (Suleiman 1520-1566, 1529 + 1683 Sieges of Vienna, 1571 Lepanto)
Examine Dutch VOC (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie) chartered 1602 — first true joint-stock corporation; Dutch Atlantic + Indian Ocean dominance 17th c. + New Amsterdam 1624 + Cape Town 1652 + Indonesian spice islands; English East India Company chartered 1600 + Surat 1612 + Madras 1639 + Bombay 1668 + Calcutta 1690 — sets up G8-Fall preview to Plassey 1757; French — Cartier 1534-1542 St. Lawrence + Champlain 1608 Quebec + Jesuit missions; OTTOMAN imperial parallel — Suleiman r.1520-1566 + 1529 First Siege of Vienna + 1571 Battle of Lepanto + 1683 Second Siege of Vienna + Sinan's Süleymaniye Mosque 1557 + Piri Reis cartography.
Mastery threshold
90%
Min instances
12
Typical minutes
50
Spaced intervals (days)
1, 3, 7, 14, 30, 60
Successors
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hist.g7.s.his.encounter_columbian_exchange
(not yet loaded)
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hist.g8.f.civ.american_revolution
(not yet loaded)
Common misconceptions
- Believing VOC and EIC were 'just companies' — they had armies, made treaties, minted coins, executed people; they were CORPORATE STATES
- Treating Ottomans as 'declining' from Suleiman onward — the 'Ottoman decline thesis' is Eurocentric historiography rejected by Faroqhi + Finkel + Inalcık
- Believing 1683 Vienna siege failure 'ended Ottoman power' — Ottomans remained major power through 19th c.; Vienna was strategic limit not collapse