Grade 7 Spring — The Early-Modern World c. 1450-1750 CE in Six Simultaneous Formations: Italian + Northern Renaissance, the Reformation and Wars of Religion, the Scientific Revolution, the Age of Exploration with Zheng He Precedence and Multi-Perspective Encounter, the Conquest of Mexica and Inca from Indigenous Perspectives, Ongoing Indigenous Resistance through Pueblo Revolt 1680 and Itzá Maya 1697, the Atlantic Slave Trade Origins with African Voices Centered, the Mughal Empire (KS3 Non-European Society Study), Ming/Qing China with Zheng He 1405-1433, Tokugawa Japan, and the Ottoman Empire — Whose Renaissance? Whose Discovery? Whose Conquest?
History · CUL G7 hist.g7.s.cul.scientific_revolution_copernicus_galileo_kepler_vesalius_global_science

Analyze the SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION beginnings — Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, Vesalius — paired with MUGHAL astronomer Jai Singh II (Jantar Mantar 1727) and OTTOMAN cartographer Piri Reis (1513 world map) — refusing 'Europe alone in science' framing

Examine Copernicus 1543 De revolutionibus heliocentric model; Galileo 1610 Sidereus Nuncius + 1633 Inquisition; Kepler 1609 Astronomia Nova three laws; Vesalius 1543 De humani corporis fabrica — first systematic human dissection-based anatomy; PAIRED WITH Mughal Jai Singh II 1688-1743 + Jantar Mantar observatories at Delhi/Jaipur/Ujjain/Varanasi/Mathura; Ottoman Piri Reis 1513 world map (Topkapı) + Kitab-ı Bahriye 1521 navigation manual; Chinese Xu Guangqi 1562-1633 Ming-Jesuit translation collaboration with Matteo Ricci.

Mastery threshold
90%
Min instances
12
Typical minutes
50
Spaced intervals (days)
1, 3, 7, 14, 30, 60
Prereqs
Successors
  • hist.g7.s.cul.protestant_reformation_luther_calvin
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Common misconceptions
  • Believing Galileo invented the telescope — Hans Lippershey 1608 Dutch invention; Galileo improved + applied to astronomy
  • Treating the Scientific Revolution as a single European event — Mughal, Ottoman, and Ming-Jesuit science occurred simultaneously
  • Believing Vesalius INVENTED dissection — Galen 2nd century CE Roman + Ibn al-Nafis 1242 Islamic + Mondino de Liuzzi 1316 Bologna all preceded; Vesalius's innovation was systematic illustration

Exercise pool (3)

Diff Stem Type
2 Match each scientist to her/his contribution: (1) Copernicus ___ (2) Galileo ___ (3) Kepler ___ (4) Vesalius ___ (5) Jai Singh II ___... matching
3 Apply MG-7 Q3 CORROBORATION + Q7 WHOSE GOLDEN AGE to comparing Galileo Sidereus Nuncius 1610 with Xu Guangqi-Ricci 1607 Euclid... source analysis
4 Write a 200-word claim-evidence-warrant on: 'Why call the Scientific Revolution global, not European?' Cite at least 1 European + 1... claim evidence warrant