Grade 8 Fall — The Long Road to the Civil War, the War Itself from Multiple Perspectives, Reconstruction as Betrayed Promise, and the Industrial-Gilded Age (United States 1850-1900)
History · CUL
G8
hist.g8.f.cul.indigenous_nations_post_civil_war_resistance
Analyze Indigenous nations 1865-1900 — Lakota + Cheyenne + Arapaho + Nez Perce + Apache + Navajo + Comanche + Kiowa + Pueblo — continued sovereignty under US dispossession pressure; Treaty of Fort Laramie 1868 + Little Bighorn June 1876 + Nez Perce War 1877 + Geronimo surrender 1886 + Wounded Knee December 29 1890 + Ghost Dance — refusing 'Indian Wars = end of Native America' narrative per Treuer 2019 + NMAI present-tense protocol
Use Treuer 2019 + Deloria 1969 + Blackhawk 2023 + Dunbar-Ortiz 2014 + NMAI present-tense protocol; center Chief Joseph + Sitting Bull + Black Elk as own-voice; refuse 'noble vanishing' framing; document continued sovereignty.
Mastery threshold
90%
Min instances
12
Typical minutes
50
Spaced intervals (days)
1, 3, 7, 14, 30, 60
Prereqs
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hist.g7.s.cul.indigenous_resistance_pueblo_maya_tupac_amaru
(not yet loaded)
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hist.g4.s.geo.us_national_geography_westward_expansion
(not yet loaded)
Common misconceptions
- Believing the Wounded Knee Massacre December 29 1890 was 'the end of Native America' — per Treuer 2019 this is factually wrong and politically harmful; Indigenous nations survived and continue
- Treating 'Indian Wars' as neutral terminology — Indigenous historians frame these as sovereign-nation wars of self-defense