Grade 7 Fall — The Medieval World c. 500-1500 CE: Byzantium, the Islamic Caliphates and Golden Age, Tang and Song China, West African Empires (Ghana/Mali/Songhai), Mesoamerica (Postclassic Toltec/Aztec) and the Inca, the Mongol Empire and Pax Mongolica, the Indian Ocean and Trans-Saharan Trade Networks, Medieval Europe as ONE Region Among Many — Whose Golden Age? Whose Crusade? Whose Trade Network?

Study ibn Khaldun's Muqaddimah (1377 CE) as the world's first systematic theory of historical change — 'asabiyya, the dynastic cycle, the rural/urban dialectic, and the comparative method as the unit's pedagogical historiography lens

Identify ibn Khaldun (1332-1406) — Tunisian-born, Andalusi-educated, served Maghrebi-Mamluk courts, died Cairo 1406; mentor to Tamerlane interview 1401. Apply his Muqaddimah (1377) framework: (1) 'asabiyya — group cohesion / social solidarity, contrasting rural-Bedouin high-'asabiyya with urban-Hadari low-'asabiyya; (2) Dynastic Cycle — five generations from foundation (vigor) through consolidation (sophistication) through decline (luxury and 'asabiyya loss) and replacement, applied to Umayyad-Abbasid succession + Berber dynasties; (3) Rural/Urban Dialectic; (4) Comparative method as systematic historical-scientific procedure. Apply MG-19 to BOTH Mongol rise (Lesson 17) AND West African Mali decline (Lesson 11).

Exercise pool (2)