Slave Narratives — Jacobs 1861 + Northup 1853 + Tubman + Underground Railroad [TRAUMA-INFORMED]

Review L2: Douglass + Cotton Kingdom. Bridge: today voices Douglass did not include — Jacobs (enslaved Black woman) + Northup (free Black man kidnapped) + Tubman (UR armed conductor + Union scout).

• MG-15 active (from L2)
• Display UR routes map
• Display portraits

Harriet Jacobs (b.1813 Edenton NC; d.1897) enslaved by Norcom; to evade sexual predation spent 7 YEARS hiding in 9x7x3 ft attic crawlspace 1835-1842 before escaping north. Her 1861 Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (pseudonym Linda Brent, ed. Lydia Maria Child) is most important slave narrative by enslaved Black woman — gendered experience Douglass 1845 + Northup 1853 do not center. Solomon Northup (b.1808 Minerva NY) was free Black; March 1841 drugged + kidnapped Washington DC + sold into LA slavery; enslaved 12 years 1841-1853 before rescued via Henry B. Northup legal action. His 1853 narrative documents LA cotton + sugar slavery + vulnerability of FREE Black people under Fugitive Slave Act 1850. Harriet Tubman (b.~1822 Dorchester County MD; d.1913) escaped 1849; made ~13 trips back 1850-1860 freeing ~70 enslaved via UR; later Union scout/spy/nurse; led armed Combahee River Raid June 2 1863 freeing 750+. UR was interracial network — Black + white + Indigenous + Quaker — coordinated through Vigilance Committees Philadelphia (William Still) + Boston (Lewis Hayden) + Detroit (George DeBaptiste).

• Per Crenshaw 1989 intersectionality — experience of enslavement varied by gender as well as race.

  model Jacobs documents gendered violence of enslavement — sexual predation by enslavers (Norcom); impossible choices enslaved Black women faced about partnership + childbearing; cross-generational labor of grandmothers + mothers + sisters protecting children; 7-year crawlspace self-confinement as form of self-emancipation. Douglass centers physical labor + literacy + escape on foot.

  prompt Compare Jacobs 1861 with Douglass 1845.
• model Q1 Solomon Northup. Q2 1853. Q3 Auburn NY Derby+Miller. Q4 Northern white + free Black audience. Q5 document slavery + validate legal claim. Q6 high evidentiary — details corroborated by H.B. Northup's 1853 legal documents. Q7 missing: full Indigenous + LA Creole-of-color context. Q8: Patsey + Eliza + H.B. Northup. Q9: NO Lost Cause — OWN-VOICE refutation.

  prompt Apply MG-7 to Northup 1853.

• What does Jacobs 1861 center that Douglass 1845 does not?
• Apply Q9 to Jacobs 1861.
• Why was Northup 1853 important for Northern white audiences?

M-8-F-CUL-03-A Photograph

Triptych: Tubman c.1885 portrait (with cane); Jacobs c.1894 portrait; Northup 1853 engraving; paired with UR routes map showing trunk lines MD/VA -> Philadelphia -> NY -> Boston; KY -> Cincinnati -> Detroit/Canada; MO -> Iowa -> Chicago; Vigilance Committee centers marked.

M-8-F-CUL-03-B Diagram

Architectural diagram of 9x7x3 ft attic crawlspace at Jacobs's grandmother's house Edenton NC where Jacobs hid 1835-1842 (7 years); shows dimensions + ventilation gimlet-holes Jacobs bored + visual relationship to street where Norcom searched; based on Jacobs's description Incidents 1861 ch.21; trauma-informed framing emphasizes Jacobs's AGENCY + ENDURANCE + RESISTANCE.

• Pairs: select ONE narrative; annotate passage with MG-7 + Q9; identify >=1 gendered + regional + free-status detail.

  scaffold Sentence frame
• Class chart: each pair adds one UR route or conductor to map.

  scaffold UR routes map

M-8-F-CUL-03-C Map

Map of eastern US showing UR routes 1830s-1860s with trunk lines (MD/VA -> Philadelphia -> NY -> Boston; KY -> Cincinnati -> Detroit/Canada; MO -> Iowa -> Chicago); Vigilance Committee headquarters Philadelphia (William Still) + Boston (Lewis Hayden) + Detroit (George DeBaptiste); Quaker communities; Tubman routes MD -> Philadelphia -> Auburn NY -> St. Catharines Ontario; estimated 30,000-40,000+ self-emancipators reached free territory 1820-1860 per Foner 2015.

• 2 ways Jacobs 1861 differs from Douglass 1845.
• How many freed by Tubman across ~13 trips?
• Apply Q9 to 'Fugitive Slave Act affected only the South'.

• COMPASSION CIRCLE close (MG-15)
• Add 1 sticky to MG-6
• Preview L4: Compromise 1850 + FSA + Uncle Tom's Cabin 1852

• Read one chapter of Jacobs OR Northup OR Bradford Tubman; write 1 paragraph applying MG-7 + Q9.