Indigenous Nations Across the Continent — Regional Survey with Present-Tense Protocol

Sovereignty Promise. Recall the 5 Tribes of Indian Removal — name each nation's present-day headquarters.

• Affirm present-tense responses
• Note this lesson expands to OTHER regions' nations

Direct teach region-by-region: NORTHEAST nations (Haudenosaunee Confederacy = Mohawk/Oneida/Onondaga/Cayuga/Seneca/Tuscarora — sovereign nations TODAY headquartered in NY and Canada; Abenaki, Penobscot, Passamaquoddy in New England); SOUTHEAST nations (Cherokee, Choctaw, Muscogee, Seminole, Chickasaw from lessons 6-8 + Lumbee, Catawba, Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians at Cherokee NC); MIDWEST nations (Anishinaabe = Ojibwe + Odawa + Potawatomi nations across MN/WI/MI; Ho-Chunk in WI; Meskwaki in IA); SOUTHWEST nations (Diné/Navajo Nation = largest reservation in US; Hopi Tribe; 19 Pueblos of NM; Tohono O'odham; Apache nations); WEST nations (Lakota/Dakota/Nakota = Standing Rock, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, etc.; Cheyenne; Arapaho; Crow; Blackfeet; Salish-Kootenai; Nez Perce); PACIFIC NORTHWEST (Coast Salish; Yakama; Umatilla; Warm Springs); CALIFORNIA from G4-Fall (Cahuilla, Yurok, Hupa, Karuk, Pomo, Miwok, Ohlone, Yokuts, Chumash, Kumeyaay, Mojave, Quechan); ALASKA (Iñupiat north; Yup'ik southwest; Aleut Aleutian Islands; Tlingit southeast; Haida southeast; Tsimshian — under Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act 1971 a distinct sovereignty framework); HAWAII (Kānaka Maoli = Native Hawaiians — the Hawaiian Kingdom was an internationally recognized sovereign kingdom until US-backed overthrow in 1893; US apologized via Public Law 103-150 in 1993; Hawaiian sovereignty movements continue).

• Present-tense matters — these are LIVING nations governing today.

  model The Navajo Nation (Diné) — reservation covers ~27,000 square miles across AZ/NM/UT, larger than 10 US states. Navajo Nation is a sovereign nation TODAY with its own government in Window Rock AZ, its own laws, its own language (Diné Bizaad).

  prompt What is the largest tribal nation in the US by reservation land?

• Name one Indigenous nation in each region (5 + AK + HI).
• What does 'present-tense' mean for Indigenous nations?

MG-2 Native Land Digital overlay is itself a source — examine its method (https://native-land.ca uses Indigenous-source mapping). Note the overlay is NOT a treaty boundary; it is a homelands map per nation submissions.

M-4-S-CUL-10-A Map

MG-2 with the translucent Indigenous-homelands overlay layer (from native-land.ca with permission) ACTIVATED — showing dozens of nation-names across the continent including Alaska and Hawaii. Children see continental scope of Indigenous-nation presence.

MG-2 Map

US 50-State Physical and Political Map (tactile-relief version available): full continental US plus Alaska and Hawaii insets; all 50 state outlines in faint gray with capital-city dots and state-name labels in 12pt; major landforms in raised-relief tactile version (Appalachians, Rockies, Cascades, Sierra Nevada, Coastal Range, Ozarks, Great Smoky Mountains); major rivers (Mississippi/Missouri/Ohio/Columbia/Colorado/Rio Grande/Hudson) in blue; Great Lakes labeled (Superior/Michigan/Huron/Erie/Ontario); Great Plains shaded; deserts (Mojave/Sonoran/Great Basin) shaded; climate zones lightly indicated via 5 color washes; 5 region-boundary lines overlaid (Northeast / Southeast / Midwest / Southwest / West) with Pacific Northwest sub-region and Alaska/Hawaii separately. Translucent overlay layer (removable): historic Indigenous-homelands map circa 1500 CE based on cartographic work by Native Land Digital (native-land.ca, used with permission) showing 100+ nation-names across the continent. Style: cartographic accuracy, child-readable labels, tactile-raised landforms.

M-4-S-CUL-10-C Chart

11x17 timeline card showing key dates: 1810 Hawaiian Kingdom unified by Kamehameha I → 1893 US-backed overthrow → 1898 US annexation → 1959 statehood → 1993 Public Law 103-150 US Apology. Used to introduce Hawaiian sovereignty as a DISTINCT framework from continental tribal-nation sovereignty.

• Region-by-region card sort: place 14 nation cards (2 per region) into 7 region columns (5 + AK + HI).

  scaffold Use MG-2 overlay; verify with teacher.
• For YOUR region: identify ONE specific nation and write a 2-sentence present-tense profile (where headquartered + one current activity).

  scaffold Use NCAI tribal directory (https://www.ncai.org) or US Department of Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs tribal-list reference.

• Name 3 Indigenous nations from 3 different US regions.
• What is one present-tense fact about ONE of those nations?

• Restate the continental-scope of Indigenous nations
• Preview tomorrow's Mexican-American War lesson

• Identify one Indigenous nation whose homeland includes YOUR town. (Continue with the local-nation work from G4-Fall.) Confirm headquarters location.