Pronoun case (subjective / objective / possessive) and intensive pronouns

Read aloud: 'Maya gave the cookies to Sara and me.' Then: 'Maya and I went to the store.' Why is 'me' right in the first and 'I' right in the second?

• Listen for case-role answers (object of preposition vs. subject)
• Show MG-7 — name the rule
• Note the 'between you and me' error students likely make in casual speech

Pronouns have THREE cases (MG-7). SUBJECTIVE (I/we/he/she/they/who) for the subject of a verb. OBJECTIVE (me/us/him/her/them/whom) for the object of a verb or preposition. POSSESSIVE (my/our/his/her/their/whose) for ownership. The case is chosen by ROLE in the sentence. Common error: 'between you and I' — WRONG. 'Between' is a preposition; objects take objective case: 'between you and ME.' Same for: 'gave it to him and me' (objective after to). 'Who' is subjective; 'whom' is objective: 'Who is that?' (subject of is). 'Whom did you ask?' (object of asked). Now MG-8 — INTENSIVE vs. REFLEXIVE. Same -self forms but different jobs. INTENSIVE: 'I myself made the cake' (emphasis; could remove myself). REFLEXIVE: 'I cut myself shaving' (subject = object; cannot remove). NEVER use -self as object when subject is different: 'Please give it to ME' (not 'to myself'); 'Maya and I went' (not 'Maya and myself went').

• Case is determined by sentence role.

  model She = subjective subject. Him = objective object of preposition 'to'.

  prompt Identify case: 'She gave the book to him.'
• 'Whom' is the formal object form. In speech, 'who' is increasingly accepted; in argument writing at G6, use 'whom' when grammar requires it.

  model Whom = objective (object of told); you = subjective (subject of did tell).

  prompt Identify case: 'Whom did you tell?'
• Try the removal test.

  model INTENSIVE — herself emphasizes the author; could remove without losing meaning ('The author signed my book').

  prompt Identify intensive vs. reflexive: 'The author herself signed my book.'

• Show me a thumb: 'Maya and ___ went to the store.' I (up) / me (down). Why?
• Show me a thumb: 'Please give it to ___.' me (up) / myself (down). Why?

M-6-F-GR-08-A Chart Physical / non-image

MG-7 enlarged to 18x24. Columns: SUBJECTIVE (blue) / OBJECTIVE (orange) / POSSESSIVE (purple). 8 rows for 1st sing/plural, 2nd, 3rd sing M/F/N, 3rd plural, interrogative. Each cell shows the pronoun + example sentence. Side note: COMMON ERROR — 'between you and I' is wrong; 'between' is a preposition, so objective: 'between you and me.' Dyslexic-friendly font.

MG-7 Chart

Pronoun-case anchor (L.6.1.a): 3-case 6-row chart. Columns = SUBJECTIVE / OBJECTIVE / POSSESSIVE. Rows = 1st singular (I / me / my-mine), 1st plural (we / us / our-ours), 2nd (you / you / your-yours), 3rd singular masculine (he / him / his), 3rd singular feminine (she / her / her-hers), 3rd singular neuter (it / it / its), 3rd plural (they / them / their-theirs), interrogative/relative (who / whom / whose). USE RULE: subjective for subject of verb; objective for object of verb or preposition; possessive for ownership. Worked examples: 'She gave the book to him. (subjective subject, objective object of preposition.) Whom did you ask? (objective object of verb.) The book is hers. (possessive predicate.)' Below: COMMON ERROR — 'between you and I' (WRONG: 'between' is a preposition; object case 'me' is required: 'between you and me'). Print-ready 11x17.

M-6-F-GR-08-B Chart

MG-8 enlarged to 18x24. 2-column card: INTENSIVE (emphasis; removable) vs. REFLEXIVE (subject = object; not removable). 4 examples per column. Bottom rule: NEVER use -self as object when subject is different. WRONG: 'Give it to myself.' RIGHT: 'Give it to me.' WRONG: 'Maya and myself went.' RIGHT: 'Maya and I went.' Dyslexic-friendly font.

MG-8 Chart

Intensive vs. reflexive pronouns anchor (L.6.1.b): 2-column card. INTENSIVE (used for EMPHASIS — could be removed without changing the sentence's meaning): 'I myself made the cake.' (Remove 'myself' = still grammatical: 'I made the cake.' Adds emphasis to 'I'.) REFLEXIVE (used when the subject and object are the SAME person — CANNOT be removed): 'I cut myself shaving.' (Remove 'myself' = 'I cut shaving' — broken.) Both look the same (myself/yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves). The role tells the type. RULE: NEVER use a -self pronoun as object when the subject is different. WRONG: 'Please give the gift to myself.' RIGHT: 'Please give the gift to me.' WRONG: 'Maya and myself went to the store.' RIGHT: 'Maya and I went to the store.' Print-ready 11x17.

• Audit the sample 12-pronoun paragraph. Highlight each pronoun. Identify case. Fix errors.

  scaffold MG-7 chart open; answer key available for self-check after
• Audit your own argument draft. Highlight every pronoun. Check case. Find any -self misuse.

  scaffold MG-7 + MG-8 at desk

• Find and fix any pronoun case errors in this sentence: 'Maya gave the cookies to Sara and I.'
• Find and fix any -self error: 'The teacher gave the prize to myself.'

• Restate the 3 cases
• Preview tomorrow's CEW body paragraph 2

• Audit your argument draft for ALL pronouns. Fix any case errors. Bring marked draft to lesson 9.